Preface

21

Who Is This Book For?

21

How This Book Is Organized

22

Terminology

23

Conclusion

23

1 Introduction to SAP S/4HANA

25

1.1 New Possibilities, Features, and Functionality

25

1.2 SAP S/4HANA in the Cloud versus On-Premise

27

1.3 New Implementation, System Conversion, and Transformation Scenarios

29

1.3.1 Migration Scenarios

30

1.3.2 Choosing Your Approach

35

1.4 Simplification

38

1.4.1 Technical and Functional Simplifications

38

1.4.2 SAP HANA Column Store

40

1.5 Conversion Methodology

44

1.5.1 Preparation Phase

45

1.5.2 Executing the Preparation Activities

48

1.5.3 Sandbox Conversion

50

1.5.4 Landscape Conversion

52

1.5.5 Postconversion

54

1.6 SAP S/4HANA Transformation Enablers

54

1.6.1 SAP Business Scenario Recommendations for SAP S/4HANA

55

1.6.2 SAP Innovation and Optimization Pathfinder

56

1.6.3 SAP Transformation Navigator

57

1.6.4 SAP Roadmap Viewer

58

1.6.5 SAP Best Practices and SAP Model Company

59

1.7 Summary

61

2 Architecture, Tools, and Strategy

63

2.1 SAP S/4HANA Architecture

63

2.1.1 Technical Components

65

2.1.2 Core Releases

67

2.1.3 Corrections and Enhancements

68

2.2 SAP S/4HANA and SAP Fiori

72

2.2.1 Deployment Options

73

2.2.2 Impact of Conversion on SAP Fiori

74

2.3 SAP Solution Manager and SAP S/4HANA

75

2.3.1 Scope and Effort Analyzer

76

2.3.2 Usage and Procedure Logging

76

2.3.3 Custom Code Management

77

2.3.4 Data Volume Management

77

2.4 Maintenance Planner

78

2.5 SAP Readiness Check

83

2.5.1 Verification and Prerequisites

83

2.5.2 Installing SAP Readiness Check

86

2.5.3 Collecting the Data

87

2.5.4 Verifying the Results

91

2.6 Simplification Item Check

95

2.6.1 Simplification Item Information

96

2.6.2 Running the Simplification Item Check

98

2.6.3 SAP Readiness Check versus the Simplification Item Check

104

2.7 Sizing for SAP HANA

105

2.8 Software Update Manager

108

2.8.1 System Switch Upgrade

109

2.8.2 Database Migration Option

112

2.8.3 Performing the DMO with System Move

114

2.8.4 Additional Options for Reducing Downtime

116

2.9 Database- and Operating System-Specific Aspects

121

2.9.1 Unsupported Operating Systems

121

2.9.2 Multiple Components in One Database

124

2.9.3 Update of Dual-Stack Systems

124

2.10 Upgrading the Frontend Software

125

2.10.1 SAP GUI’s Lifecycle

126

2.10.2 Version Selection

126

2.10.3 Introducing Belize

127

2.11 SAP Landscape during Conversion

128

2.11.1 Scenario 1: The Sandbox System

130

2.11.2 Scenario 2: Extra Development and Quality Assurance Systems

132

2.11.3 Scenario 3: Contingency System

134

2.12 Summary

135

3 Project Planning

137

3.1 Why Convert to SAP S/4HANA?

137

3.1.1 SAP Strategy

138

3.1.2 Outdated SAP Version

138

3.1.3 Release Support and Maintenance Costs

139

3.1.4 Enhancement Package Installation versus Converting to SAP S/4HANA

139

3.1.5 Upgrading Is a Normal Activity

140

3.2 Factors Influencing Conversion Complexity

140

3.2.1 Technology-Related Factors

141

3.2.2 Development-Related Factors

146

3.2.3 Business-Related Factors

149

3.2.4 Project-Related Factors

151

3.2.5 Forgotten Factors

152

3.3 Estimating the Effort

153

3.3.1 Technical Conversion to SAP S/4HANA

154

3.3.2 Modification to SAP Objects

156

3.3.3 Custom Developments

159

3.3.4 Functional Effort

161

3.3.5 Obsolete Transactions

161

3.4 Project Team

162

3.4.1 Project Management Team

163

3.4.2 Technical Conversion Team

164

3.4.3 Functional Work Groups

164

3.4.4 Internal versus External Team

165

3.5 Conversion Project Steps

168

3.5.1 Conversion Scope

169

3.5.2 Planning Levels

169

3.5.3 Critical Success Factors

170

3.5.4 Scheduling the Conversion

171

3.6 Conversion Plan

171

3.6.1 SAP Activate for System Conversions

172

3.6.2 Master Project Plan

175

3.6.3 Action Plan

178

3.6.4 Status Reporting

182

3.7 Testing Phase

184

3.7.1 Test Focus

184

3.7.2 Test Scenarios

185

3.7.3 Test Stages and Test Progression

186

3.7.4 Automated Testing

189

3.8 Summary

191

4 Preparing the Conversion

193

4.1 Introducing the Tools: SUM and DMO

194

4.2 Conversion Documentation

195

4.2.1 Software Logistics Toolset

196

4.2.2 Collecting the Documentation

197

4.2.3 Keeping Documentation Up to Date

199

4.2.4 Creating Your Own Documentation

200

4.3 Conversion Software

205

4.3.1 Stack XML File

205

4.3.2 Download Basket and SAP Download Manager

206

4.3.3 Download Directory

209

4.4 Maintenance Planner

209

4.4.1 When to Run the Maintenance Planner

210

4.4.2 Starting the Maintenance Planner

211

4.4.3 Choosing the Conversion Path

212

4.4.4 Identifying the Backend and Frontend Systems

212

4.4.5 Evaluating Errors and Continuing the Plan

214

4.4.6 Viewing Target Software List

215

4.4.7 Selecting Files

216

4.4.8 Downloading the Stack XML File

219

4.4.9 Setting Session as Complete

221

4.4.10 Reviewing and Changing a Transaction

222

4.5 Preparations in the SAP ERP System

224

4.5.1 Setting a User ID for the Conversion

225

4.5.2 Applying SAP Notes

226

4.5.3 Updating Transaction SPAM/Transaction SAINT

227

4.5.4 Checking Pool and Cluster Tables

228

4.6 Final Preparations

232

4.6.1 Downloaded Stack and Stack XML File

233

4.6.2 Certificate Revocation List

233

4.6.3 SAP HANA Client

234

4.6.4 License Key

235

4.6.5 Migration Key

236

4.7 Preparing SUM

238

4.7.1 Download the Latest SUM Version

239

4.7.2 Creating the SUM Directory

239

4.7.3 Extracting SUM

241

4.7.4 Registering SUM with SAP Host Agent

242

4.7.5 Starting SUM

245

4.7.6 SUM Observer

247

4.7.7 MailNotifier

247

4.8 Summary

248

5 Converting the System

249

5.1 Planning the Conversion

249

5.1.1 Conversion of a Sandbox System

250

5.1.2 Conversion of the Development System

252

5.1.3 Conversion of the QA system

252

5.1.4 Conversion of the Production System

252

5.2 Starting the Conversion with SUM

257

5.2.1 Roadmap Steps

257

5.2.2 Initial Steps

258

5.2.3 Required Passwords

260

5.2.4 Results and Cleanup

261

5.3 Roadmap Step: Extraction

263

5.4 Roadmap Step: Configuration

266

5.4.1 Process Parameters

267

5.4.2 Parameters for SAP HANA

270

5.4.3 Languages and SDMI

274

5.4.4 Check Required Notes

275

5.4.5 Support Packages to Include

276

5.4.6 Modification Adjustment Transports

277

5.4.7 Shadow Instance

279

5.5 Roadmap Step: Checks

282

5.5.1 Save Variants

282

5.5.2 Security Profile Parameters

283

5.5.3 Open Update Requests

284

5.6 Roadmap Step: Preprocessing

285

5.6.1 Inactive Objects and Open Repairs

286

5.6.2 Development and Transport Lock

288

5.6.3 Database Import Phase

289

5.6.4 Start of Shadow Instance

290

5.6.5 Manually Managing the Shadow Instance

291

5.6.6 Stop for Modification Adjustment

292

5.6.7 Activation Phase ACT_UPG

293

5.6.8 Activation Errors

296

5.6.9 Repeat the Activation

301

5.6.10 Final Phases

301

5.6.11 End of Uptime

302

5.7 Preparing for Downtime

302

5.7.1 SAP System Action

303

5.7.2 Server-Level and Database-Level Actions

305

5.8 Final Preprocessing Steps

306

5.8.1 Backup Request for SUM

306

5.8.2 Switch SAP HANA Log Mode

307

5.9 Roadmap Step: Execution

308

5.9.1 Logging On during Downtime

309

5.9.2 Unlocking the System

309

5.9.3 Database Cloning

309

5.9.4 Repeat Cloning (with Test Cycle)

312

5.9.5 Period without Interaction

313

5.9.6 EU_SWITCH Phase

313

5.9.7 Additional Downtime Phases

314

5.9.8 End of Downtime

315

5.10 Roadmap Step: Postprocessing

316

5.10.1 Stop for SPAU Modifications

317

5.10.2 Cleanup Processing

318

5.10.3 No Active Imports

319

5.10.4 Create Evaluation

319

5.10.5 Save Upgrade Logs

320

5.10.6 Procedure Completion

321

5.11 SUM Special Features

322

5.11.1 Conversion Logfiles

322

5.11.2 Setting Breakpoints

325

5.11.3 SUM Utilities

327

5.12 Postconversion Activities

328

5.12.1 Database Backup

330

5.12.2 SAP and Database Parameters

331

5.12.3 Actions for the SAP Kernel

332

5.12.4 Selectively Release Some Background Jobs

334

5.12.5 Transport Landscape Changes

335

5.12.6 ABAP Load Generation: Transaction SGEN

336

5.12.7 Imports of Transport Requests

340

5.12.8 Nonfatal Errors: Type P

341

5.12.9 Language Postprocessing

341

5.12.10 Changes to Roles and Authorizations

344

5.12.11 SAP_NEW Profile and Role

348

5.12.12 Release Change Requests Opened during the Conversion

349

5.12.13 System and Client Change Options

349

5.12.14 Unlock Users

349

5.12.15 Restart Interfaces

349

5.12.16 Release Background Jobs

350

5.12.17 Clean Up Directories

350

5.12.18 Preserve the Source Database

351

5.13 Post Go-Live

351

5.14 Troubleshooting

354

5.14.1 Error Stops in SUM

354

5.14.2 Failed Background Jobs

355

5.14.3 Resetting the Conversion

356

5.15 Summary

358

6 Modification Adjustment

361

6.1 Modification Adjustment Transactions

362

6.2 Preparing and Running Transaction SPDD

363

6.2.1 Repository Modification

364

6.2.2 Logging on to the Shadow Instance

366

6.2.3 Creating a User for the Modification Adjustment

367

6.2.4 Enable Development Changes

367

6.2.5 Log on to the Primary System

367

6.2.6 Checking for Possible Data Loss

368

6.2.7 Run Transaction SPDD

369

6.3 Transaction SPDD Object List

370

6.4 Transaction SPDD Transport Request

372

6.5 Adjusting Objects

373

6.5.1 General Procedure

373

6.5.2 Data Elements and Domains

375

6.5.3 Customer Fields in SAP Tables and Structures

378

6.5.4 Field Format Changes

381

6.5.5 Technical Settings

382

6.5.6 Processing Deleted Objects

383

6.6 Final Steps

385

6.6.1 Registering the Transaction SPDD Transport for Later Use

385

6.6.2 Start Activation

385

6.7 Transaction SPAU

386

6.8 Transaction SPAU_ENH

389

6.9 Summary

391

7 Custom Code Management

393

7.1 Custom Code Management Process

395

7.2 Impact of SAP HANA

397

7.3 Impact of Simplification

399

7.3.1 Access to Deleted Repository Objects

400

7.3.2 Access to Disabled Repository Objects

402

7.3.3 Adjusted Field Lengths

403

7.3.4 Append Structures

404

7.4 Enabling the ABAP Test Cockpit

404

7.4.1 Version and System Requirements

404

7.4.2 Custom Code Adaption Process

407

7.4.3 Installation and Configuration

408

7.5 Custom Code Analysis in the Preparation Phase

413

7.5.1 Collecting Usage Data

414

7.5.2 Custom Code Migration App

419

7.5.3 Analyzing the Results

420

7.5.4 Changing the Scope of the Migration Project

428

7.5.5 Removing Unused Custom Code during the Conversion

430

7.6 Custom Code Adaptation after the Conversion

430

7.6.1 Enable the ABAP Test Cockpit

431

7.6.2 Adapting Custom Code in ABAP Development Tools

433

7.7 Custom Code Adaptation as an Ongoing Process

436

7.7.1 Runtime Check Monitor

436

7.7.2 Performance and Tuning Using the SQL Monitor

438

7.8 Summary

441

8 Functional Conversion

443

8.1 Business Partners

444

8.1.1 Impact of Conversion

445

8.1.2 Preparation Phase

448

8.1.3 Synchronization Phase

457

8.1.4 Postprocessing

458

8.2 Financials and Accounting

458

8.2.1 Impact of the Conversion

459

8.2.2 Check and Reconcile Your Data

460

8.2.3 Preparation and Migration of Customizing

465

8.2.4 Migration Activities

468

8.2.5 Postprocessing Activities

472

8.3 Credit Management

474

8.3.1 Impact of the Conversion

475

8.3.2 Starting Points

475

8.3.3 Migration Overview

481

8.4 International Trade and Trade Finance

485

8.4.1 Intrastat with SAP S/4HANA International Trade

485

8.4.2 Migration to Trade Finance

487

8.5 Logistics

490

8.5.1 Impact of the Conversion

490

8.5.2 Preparation Steps

495

8.5.3 During the Conversion

501

8.5.4 Postconversion Steps

502

8.6 Sales and Distribution

502

8.7 SAP Business Warehouse

504

8.8 Cleaning Up Obsolete Data after the Conversion

506

8.9 Summary

509

A References

511

A.1 SAP Notes

512

A.1.1 Chapter 2: Architecture, Tools, and Strategy

512

A.1.2 Chapter 3: Project Planning

514

A.1.3 Chapter 4: Preparing the Conversion

515

A.1.4 Chapter 5: Converting the System

515

A.1.5 Chapter 6: Modification Adjustment

516

A.1.6 Chapter 7: Custom Code Management

516

A.1.7 Chapter 8: Functional Conversion

517

A.2 SAP Installation and Documentation Manuals

520

A.3 SAP Service Marketplace

521

A.4 Other Online Resources

521

B The Authors

523

The Contributors

524