Acknowledgments

25

John Mutumba Bilay

25

Roberto Viana Blanco

25

Introduction

27

Who This Book Is For

28

Structure of the Book

28

1 Introduction to SAP Process Orchestration

33

1.1 Historical Overview and Evolution

33

1.1.1 SAP Process Integration

34

1.1.2 SAP Composition Environment

35

1.1.3 SAP Process Orchestration

36

1.1.4 SAP Process Orchestration 7.5 Highlights

37

1.2 SAP Process Orchestration Components

38

1.2.1 SAP Process Integration

38

1.2.2 Business Process Management

42

1.2.3 Business Rules Management

43

1.3 Architectural Overview and Positioning

45

1.3.1 SAP Process Orchestration Positioning

45

1.3.2 SAP NetWeaver Application Server for Java: System Architecture

47

1.3.3 SAP NetWeaver AS Java System Logical Layers

50

1.4 Installation Options

53

1.4.1 Case 1: SAP Process Integration Dual Stack

53

1.4.2 Case 2: SAP PI Dual Stack and SAP Composition Environment in Separate Installations

54

1.4.3 Case 3: SAP PI Single Stack and SAP Composition Environment in Separate Installations

56

1.4.4 Case 4: SAP PO—SAP PI and SAP Composition Environment in a Single Installation

56

1.5 Summary

57

2 Administration and Development Tools

59

2.1 SAP Process Orchestration Tools

59

2.1.1 Enterprise Services Repository

61

2.1.2 Integration Directory

70

2.1.3 System Landscape Directory

73

2.1.4 Configuration and Monitoring

77

2.2 SAP NetWeaver Administrator

78

2.2.1 Availability and Performance

80

2.2.2 Operations

82

2.2.3 Configuration

82

2.2.4 Troubleshooting

84

2.2.5 SOA

84

2.3 SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

86

2.3.1 Use and Download

86

2.3.2 SAP Process Orchestration and SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

87

2.4 Summary

90

3 Configuring the System Landscape Directory

93

3.1 System Landscape Directory Components and Features

94

3.1.1 Landscape

94

3.1.2 Software Catalog

100

3.1.3 Development

103

3.2 Registering Systems to the System Landscape Directory

107

3.2.1 Connecting to ABAP-Based Systems

107

3.2.2 Connecting to Java-Based Systems

108

3.2.3 Connecting to Other Systems

110

3.3 Administration of the System Landscape Directory

110

3.3.1 Server

110

3.3.2 Data and Content

112

3.4 System Landscape Directory Strategies

113

3.4.1 Manual Export and Import of Data

114

3.4.2 Automatic Bridge Forwarding

115

3.4.3 Full Automatic Synchronization

116

3.5 Tips and Tricks

118

3.5.1 Naming Convention

118

3.5.2 Keeping Your System Landscape Directory Catalogs Up to Date

119

3.5.3 Self-Registration of a Java-Based System with the SLD

120

3.5.4 Configuring Data Suppliers from One SLD to Another

122

3.5.5 Manual Export and Import of Data

122

3.5.6 Connecting the SLD to CTS+ to Facilitate the Export and Import of SLD Data

122

3.6 Exercise: Configuring the System Landscape Directory

124

3.6.1 Exercise Description

124

3.6.2 Exercise Solution Approach

125

3.6.3 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

126

3.7 Summary

131

4 Working with the Enterprise Services Repository and Registry

133

4.1 Basic ES Repository Technical Concepts

134

4.1.1 Functional Blocks

134

4.1.2 First Steps in the Enterprise Services Repository

136

4.1.3 Service Interface

137

4.1.4 Integration Patterns: Stateful and Stateless Communication

138

4.1.5 Asynchronous versus Synchronous

139

4.1.6 Quality of Service

141

4.2 Design Objects

141

4.2.1 Software Component Versions

142

4.2.2 Folders

142

4.2.3 Namespaces

142

4.2.4 Mappings

144

4.2.5 Process Integration Scenario

147

4.2.6 Actions

148

4.3 Data Types and Message Types

149

4.3.1 Data Types

149

4.3.2 External Definitions

149

4.3.3 Message Type

150

4.3.4 Additional Design Objects

151

4.4 Exercise: Working with the ES Repository and Registry

153

4.4.1 Exercise Description

153

4.4.2 Exercise Solution Approach

153

4.4.3 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

154

4.5 Summary

169

5 Working with the Integration Directory

171

5.1 Integration Directory Overview

171

5.2 Collaboration Profiles

173

5.2.1 Party

173

5.2.2 Communication Component

174

5.2.3 Communication Channel

177

5.2.4 Communication Component without a Party

186

5.3 Adapter Types

189

5.3.1 Technical Adapters to Enable Communication with SAP or Third-Party Systems

189

5.3.2 Application Adapters to Enable Communication with an SAP System

190

5.3.3 SAP Industry Adapters

191

5.3.4 Third-Party-Developed Adapters

191

5.4 Integrated Configuration

192

5.4.1 Inbound Processing

193

5.4.2 Receiver

195

5.4.3 Receiver Interfaces

198

5.4.4 Outbound Processing

199

5.5 The XI Message Protocol

203

5.6 Configuration Scenario

204

5.6.1 Creating a Configuration Scenario from Scratch (Manually)

204

5.6.2 Creating a Configuration Scenario from a Model

205

5.7 Value Mapping

206

5.7.1 If/Else Logic

206

5.7.2 Fixed Values

207

5.7.3 Value Mapping

208

5.8 Business-to-Business Integration

209

5.8.1 Business-to-Business On Premise

209

5.8.2 Business-to-Business Managed Services

210

5.8.3 Trading Partner Management

210

5.9 Axis Framework

212

5.10 Representational State Transfer Adapter

215

5.11 Message Alerting

218

5.11.1 Alert Rule Overview

219

5.11.2 Creating an Alert Rule

222

5.11.3 Editing or Deleting a Rule

225

5.12 Publish the Service in the Services Registry

225

5.13 Integration Directory Programming Interface (Directory API)

226

5.14 Exercise: Working with the Integration Directory

229

5.14.1 Exercise Description

229

5.14.2 Exercise Solution Approach

230

5.14.3 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

230

5.15 Summary

238

6 Building an Integration Flow

241

6.1 SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

242

6.1.1 Installing SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

242

6.1.2 Setting Up SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

243

6.1.3 Enterprise Integration Patterns and User-Defined Templates

246

6.2 Basics of Creating and Configuring an Integration Flow

248

6.2.1 Creating an iFlow

248

6.2.2 Configuring an iFlow

250

6.3 iFlow Example

256

6.3.1 Creating Products, Software Components, Business Systems, and Technical Systems in the SLD

256

6.3.2 Importing SLD Objects into the ES Repository in SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

259

6.3.3 Create Enterprise Service Repository Objects

260

6.3.4 Create Directory Objects: Import Business Systems and Create iFlows

268

6.3.5 Testing the iFlow Scenario

272

6.3.6 Monitoring the Scenario

272

6.4 New Features of the Process Integration Designer

273

6.4.1 Export Objects from the Integration Designer

273

6.4.2 Automatically Deploy after Import

274

6.4.3 Version History and Deployment Status

276

6.5 Supporting Multiple Senders for Your iFlow

277

6.6 Exercise: Building an Integration Flow

280

6.6.1 Exercise Description

280

6.6.2 Exercise Solution Approach

281

6.6.3 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

281

6.7 Summary

289

7 Administration and Monitoring in AEX

291

7.1 Administration

291

7.1.1 Central Administration Tool

292

7.1.2 SAP NetWeaver Administrator

293

7.1.3 SAP NetWeaver Application Server Java

294

7.1.4 SAP Process Integration Monitoring (pimon)

294

7.1.5 SAP Management Console

294

7.1.6 Config Tool

295

7.1.7 Administration Using Telnet

296

7.2 Monitoring

296

7.2.1 SAP NetWeaver Administrator

296

7.2.2 SAP Process Integration Local Monitoring

297

7.2.3 SAP PI Central Monitoring with SAP Solution Manager

300

7.2.4 Message Retention

303

7.2.5 User-Defined Message Search

303

7.3 Troubleshooting

309

7.3.1 Configuring Log and Traces

311

7.3.2 Using the Log Viewer

313

7.4 Summary

316

8 Migrating Interfaces from SAP PI Dual Stack to SAP PO

317

8.1 Migration Strategies

317

8.2 Migrating System Landscape Directory Content

321

8.2.1 Products

321

8.2.2 Software Components

322

8.2.3 Technical System

323

8.2.4 Business System

323

8.3 Migrating Enterprise Services Repository Content

324

8.3.1 Exporting Objects

324

8.3.2 Importing Objects

325

8.4 Migrating Integration Directory Content

325

8.4.1 Manually

326

8.4.2 Using the Migration Tool

327

8.5 Summary

337

9 Introduction to SAP BPM and BPMN 2.0

341

9.1 Managing Business Processes

342

9.2 SAP Business Process Management

344

9.2.1 SAP BPM versus SAP Business Workflow

345

9.2.2 BPM before SAP BPM

347

9.2.3 SAP BPM Main Components

349

9.3 Business Process Model and Notation 2.0

351

9.3.1 Swimlanes

353

9.3.2 Artifacts

356

9.3.3 Flow Objects

358

9.3.4 Connections

367

9.4 Summary

369

10 Creating Your First SAP BPM Process

371

10.1 SAP BPM Positioning and Development Environment

371

10.1.1 Positioning

372

10.1.2 Setting Up Your Development Environment

373

10.2 Creating and Modeling an SAP BPM Process

377

10.2.1 Demonstration Scenario

377

10.2.2 Building an SAP BPM Process: Overview

379

10.2.3 SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio Perspective Concept

380

10.2.4 Create a Project in SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

382

10.2.5 Creating a Process for Your BPMN

387

10.2.6 Creating a BPMN Model

390

10.3 Configuring the BPMN Model

396

10.3.1 Data Objects

396

10.3.2 Creating Data Structures

397

10.3.3 Importing XSD and WSDL

399

10.3.4 Process Pool Properties

399

10.3.5 BPMN Flow Objects

406

10.4 Flow Objects

407

10.4.1 Events

407

10.4.2 Tasks

418

10.4.3 Activities

428

10.4.4 Gateways

447

10.4.5 Artifacts

450

10.5 Build and Deploy Your Process

452

10.5.1 Steps for Building a Process

453

10.5.2 Steps for Deploying a Process

454

10.6 Advanced Mapping

455

10.6.1 Mappings

455

10.6.2 Options in Mapping Assignment

457

10.6.3 Automatic Mapping

458

10.6.4 Custom Functions

460

10.7 Implementing Error Handling

462

10.8 Combining SAP BPM and the AEX

464

10.8.1 Message from SAP BPM to the AEX

466

10.8.2 Message from the AEX to SAP BPM

467

10.8.3 Leverage an ES Repository Mapping in SAP BPM

468

10.9 Exercise: Creating an SAP Business Process Management Process

470

10.9.1 Exercise Description

471

10.9.2 Exercise Solution Approach

471

10.9.3 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

472

10.10 Summary

498

11 Applying Advanced SAP BPM Concepts and Extensions

501

11.1 Service-Oriented Architecture Configuration

501

11.1.1 Configuration for an Automated Activity

502

11.1.2 Configuration for a Start Event or Intermediary Event

515

11.2 Testing and Running an SAP BPM Process

517

11.2.1 Process Repository Overview

517

11.2.2 Process Testing

519

11.3 Custom Enterprise Java Bean Functions

523

11.3.1 Create EJB and EAR Development Components

523

11.3.2 Create the Enterprise Java Bean

526

11.3.3 Build and Deploy

529

11.3.4 Create a New Enterprise Java Bean Function

530

11.4 Using the Claim Check Pattern

532

11.4.1 Create Interfaces

534

11.4.2 Create Mappings

534

11.4.3 Configure the Channel

534

11.4.4 Retrieve the Large Message from SAP BPM

535

11.4.5 Update the Status of the Large Message from SAP BPM

536

11.5 SAP BPM Application Programming Interface

536

11.5.1 Prerequisite to Using the SAP BPM API

537

11.5.2 Implementation Aspects and Examples

537

11.6 SAP Business Process Management OData

539

11.6.1 OData Services for Tasks and Task Data

541

11.6.2 Error Handling

541

11.7 Using the Push API to Access SAP BPM Lifecycle Events

542

11.7.1 Accessing Events through a Message Driven Bean

543

11.7.2 Accessing Events through a Java Message Service API

544

11.8 Debugging and Troubleshooting SAP BPM Processes

545

11.8.1 Place Breakpoints in the Process

546

11.8.2 Add a Debug Configuration

547

11.9 Tuning SAP BPM-Related Performance Parameters

549

11.10 Best Practices for Your SAP BPM Application

551

11.10.1 BPMN, Mapping, and Parallelism

551

11.10.2 Task Related

552

11.10.3 Gateways

552

11.10.4 Looping

553

11.10.5 Data Object

553

11.10.6 Correlation

553

11.10.7 Error Handling

554

11.10.8 Housekeeping

554

11.11 Exercise: Applying Advanced SAP BPM Concepts and Extensions

554

11.11.1 Exercise Solution Approach

555

11.11.2 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

555

11.12 Summary

566

12 Combining SAP BPM and UI Technologies

567

12.1 Web Dynpro Java User Interface Technology

567

12.1.1 Generating a Web Dynpro User Interface

569

12.1.2 Post-Configuration Steps

574

12.2 Integrating SAPUI5 into an SAP BPM Process

578

12.2.1 SAPUI5 Technology Platform

579

12.2.2 Model-View-Controller Concept

580

12.2.3 SAPUI5 Components

581

12.2.4 Other SAPUI5 Concepts

583

12.2.5 Integration Steps

583

12.3 Other User Interface Technologies

592

12.3.1 Visual Composer

592

12.3.2 Adobe Offline Forms

592

12.3.3 Support for Custom User Interface Technologies

593

12.4 Summary

595

13 SAP Business Rules Management

597

13.1 How Business Rules Work

597

13.2 SAP Business Rules Management

601

13.2.1 Rules Composer

603

13.2.2 Rules Manager

605

13.2.3 Rules Engine

609

13.3 Modeling Business Rules with Rules Composer

610

13.3.1 Create the Rules Composer Development Component

610

13.3.2 Adding Context to the Rules

612

13.3.3 Creating a Ruleset

614

13.3.4 Flow Ruleset

620

13.4 Testing Business Rules

623

13.5 Best Practices for Modeling Business Rules

625

13.5.1 Separate Decision Logic from Other Types of Logic

625

13.5.2 Reuse and Extend before Building

626

13.6 Exercise: SAP Business Rules Management

627

13.6.1 Exercise Solution Approach

628

13.6.2 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

629

13.7 Summary

650

14 Implementing Java Proxies

653

14.1 Java Proxy Concept and Considerations

654

14.2 Implementation Approaches

655

14.2.1 Outside-In Approach

655

14.2.2 Inside-Out Approach

656

14.3 Technical Implementation

656

14.3.1 Development Environment

656

14.3.2 Developing a Server Java Proxy

659

14.3.3 Developing a Client Java Proxy

675

14.4 Building an Orchestration

687

14.5 Exercise: Implementing Java Proxies

688

14.5.1 Exercise Solution Approach

689

14.5.2 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

689

14.6 Summary

714

15 Administration and Monitoring Message Processing in SAP BPM

715

15.1 Monitoring

715

15.1.1 SAP Business Process Management System Overview

716

15.1.2 Process Repository

717

15.1.3 Process Management

718

15.1.4 Task Management

723

15.1.5 SAP BPM Inbox

725

15.1.6 Business Logs

727

15.1.7 SAP BPM Action Monitor

728

15.1.8 Process Troubleshooting

730

15.1.9 Rules Business Logs

730

15.1.10 SAP BPM Analytics Dashboard

731

15.2 Administration

733

15.2.1 Process Data Archiving

733

15.2.2 Log Viewer

734

15.3 Summary

736

16 Migrating ccBPM from SAP PI to SAP PO

737

16.1 Motivation for Migration

737

16.2 Migration Approach

740

16.2.1 Analyze the As-Is Integration Processes

743

16.2.2 Translate and Redesign

745

16.2.3 Export and Reuse Enterprise Services Repository Objects

748

16.2.4 Migrate and Adapt Configuration Scenarios

751

16.3 Recommendations

755

16.4 Summary

757

17 SAP Cloud Platform Integration for SAP PO

761

17.1 Enable Cloud Integration Content in SAP PO

762

17.2 Reusing Cloud Integration Content

763

17.2.1 Download Cloud Integration Content

764

17.2.2 Deploy the Cloud Integration Content

766

17.3 Monitoring

767

17.3.1 Monitoring the Integration Gateway Component

767

17.3.2 Monitoring Messages Related to the Deployment of Cloud Integration Content

769

17.4 Summary

770

18 Additional Components for SAP Process Orchestration

771

18.1 Component Model

772

18.1.1 Product

773

18.1.2 Software Components

773

18.1.3 Development Component

774

18.1.4 Dependencies among Development Components

776

18.1.5 Public Parts

779

18.2 SAP NetWeaver Development Infrastructure

781

18.2.1 Change Management Services

783

18.2.2 Design Time Repository

798

18.2.3 Component Build Service

801

18.3 SAP Composite Application Framework

804

18.3.1 Design Time Aspects

805

18.3.2 Runtime Aspects

811

18.4 Service Registry

812

18.5 Enhanced Change and Transport System

815

18.5.1 SAP PI-Related Transports

816

18.5.2 Transports for Non-SAP PI Java Objects

819

18.6 Exercise: Create an SWCV

821

18.6.1 Exercise Solution Approach

821

18.6.2 Exercise Step-by-Step Solution

822

18.7 Summary

830

19 Landscape Setup Considerations

833

19.1 Java System Configuration

833

19.1.1 Java Sizing and Setup Considerations

834

19.1.2 Java System Architecture

841

19.1.3 Java Central Services

842

19.1.4 Java Parameter Tuning

843

19.2 Handling Certificates

846

19.2.1 Certificate Key Storage

846

19.2.2 Encryption of Message Content on Database Level

846

19.3 Housekeeping

847

19.3.1 Archiving

847

19.3.2 Deletion

847

19.3.3 Restarting

847

19.3.4 Recovery

848

19.4 Monitoring

848

19.4.1 Runtime Workbench

849

19.4.2 Wily Enterprise Manager

850

19.4.3 SAP Management Console

851

19.4.4 SAP Solution Manager Monitoring

853

19.4.5 Tracing

854

19.4.6 JVMMON

856

19.5 Summary

857

Appendices

859

A Orchestration Outlook

859

A.1 SAP API Management

859

A.2 SAP Cloud Platform Integration

860

A.3 The Integration Advisor

876

A.4 SAP Cloud Platform Workflow as a Service

879

B The Authors

885

Index

887