Inhaltsverzeichnis

Alle Kapitel aufklappen
Alle Kapitel zuklappen
Preface
17
Objective of This Book
17
Target Audience
17
Structure of the Book
18
Acknowledgments
20
1 Introduction to Microsoft Azure
21
1.1 What Is Microsoft Azure?
21
1.2 Cloud Deployment Options
22
1.2.1 Public Cloud versus Private Cloud
22
1.2.2 Hybrid Cloud
22
1.3 Cloud Models: Comparing IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS
23
1.3.1 Infrastructure as a Service
25
1.3.2 Platform as a Service
25
1.3.3 Software as a Service
26
1.4 Cloud Adoption Framework
26
1.5 Service Availability and Preview Features
28
1.6 Understanding Microsoft Azure’s SLAs
29
1.6.1 Service Level Agreement Percentages
30
1.6.2 When Microsoft Can’t Meet the SLA
30
1.6.3 Composite SLA
31
1.7 Why Move to Microsoft Azure?
32
1.7.1 Benefits of Moving an Enterprise Infrastructure
32
1.7.2 Event-Based Triggers
33
1.8 Summary
34
2 SAP on Microsoft Azure
35
2.1 The Unique SAP Architecture on Microsoft Azure
35
2.2 SAP on Microsoft Azure Support Prerequisites
36
2.3 Supported SAP Products, Databases, and Operating Systems
37
2.3.1 Supported Operating Systems
38
2.3.2 Supported Databases
38
2.3.3 Supported SAP Products
38
2.3.4 SAP HANA-Certified Hardware Directory
39
2.4 SAP Technology Stacks and Architecture
40
2.4.1 Distributed versus Standard Systems
40
2.4.2 SAP Technology Stacks
40
2.5 SAP on Microsoft Azure Reference Architecture
42
2.6 Deployment Models
43
2.6.1 All SAP on Microsoft Azure
43
2.6.2 Hybrid
44
2.6.3 Multi-Cloud
44
2.7 Paths to Microsoft Azure
45
2.7.1 Cloud Rationalization and the Five Rs of Migration
45
2.7.2 SAP Migrations versus New Implementations
48
2.7.3 Third-Party Systems
49
2.8 SAP Cloud Appliance Library
49
2.9 Relevant SAP Notes
56
2.10 Summary
57
3 Microsoft Azure Infrastructure Offerings for SAP
59
3.1 Microsoft Azure Enterprise Enrollment Hierarchy
59
3.2 Connectivity to Microsoft Azure
60
3.2.1 ExpressRoute
61
3.2.2 Site-to-Site Virtual Private Network
62
3.2.3 Point-to-Site Virtual Private Network
62
3.3 Microsoft Azure Pricing Calculator and Total Cost of Ownership Calculator
62
3.4 Infrastructure Foundation Pillars
64
3.4.1 Compute
64
3.4.2 Storage
68
3.4.3 Network
70
3.5 Shared Storage
73
3.5.1 Microsoft Azure Shared Storage
73
3.5.2 Microsoft Azure Shared Disks
74
3.5.3 Microsoft Azure NetApp Files
74
3.6 Operating System Licenses in Microsoft Azure
75
3.7 Platform Maintenance and Notifications
77
3.8 Microsoft Azure Dedicated Host
78
3.8.1 Virtual Machine Provisioning and Tracking Capacity
78
3.8.2 Cost
80
3.9 SAP HANA on Azure (Large Instances)
80
3.9.1 SAP HANA on Azure (Large Instances) Revision 4
81
3.9.2 Deployment Timeline and Communication
81
3.10 Key Vault
82
3.11 Microsoft Azure Landing Zone
82
3.12 Summary
83
4 System Design Framework
85
4.1 Security
85
4.1.1 Identity
87
4.1.2 Network Security
89
4.1.3 Infrastructure Security
90
4.1.4 Application and Data Security
92
4.2 Performance
93
4.2.1 Compute
94
4.2.2 Storage
96
4.2.3 Network
98
4.2.4 Database and Application
100
4.2.5 Scalability
100
4.3 Resiliency
101
4.3.1 Platform Resiliency
101
4.3.2 Availability Set
102
4.3.3 Availability Zone
103
4.3.4 Region Resiliency
105
4.3.5 Microsoft Azure Site Recovery
105
4.3.6 Microsoft Azure Backup Service
107
4.3.7 Microsoft Azure Storage Resiliency
107
4.3.8 Microsoft Azure Load Balancer
108
4.4 Operational Efficiency
109
4.4.1 Operational Use Cases
110
4.4.2 Monitoring
111
4.4.3 Governance
111
4.4.4 Cost Optimization
112
4.4.5 Automation
112
4.5 Summary
113
5 Governance and Compliance
115
5.1 Policies
116
5.2 Management Groups
117
5.3 Resource Groups
118
5.4 Role-Based Access Control
119
5.4.1 How to Use Role-Based Access Control
119
5.4.2 Role-Based Access Control Scope
120
5.4.3 Role-Based Access Control versus Policy
120
5.5 Naming Conventions
121
5.6 Resource Locks
122
5.7 Tagging
123
5.8 Microsoft Azure Blueprint
124
5.9 Regulatory and Audit Compliance
125
5.9.1 Regulatory Compliance
126
5.9.2 Microsoft Azure Logs
126
5.9.3 Reporting
127
5.10 Summary
128
6 Infrastructure Architecture Guidance
129
6.1 Microsoft Azure Regions
129
6.2 Subscription Design
130
6.3 Connectivity and Network Design
131
6.3.1 Connectivity to Microsoft Azure
131
6.3.2 Network Design
131
6.3.3 Subnet Sizes for Gateway, Bastion, and Microsoft Azure NetApp Files
133
6.3.4 SAP HANA Network Zones
134
6.3.5 Database App Connectivity and Management Network
135
6.3.6 Perimeter Network
135
6.4 Compute
136
6.5 Storage
139
6.6 Summary
140
7 Resiliency
141
7.1 High Availability
141
7.1.1 Shared Storage Using Platform as a Service
143
7.1.2 SAP Application Server
143
7.1.3 SAP Central Services and Database
144
7.1.4 SAP Central Services on Windows Operating System
150
7.1.5 SQL Server Database on Windows Operating System
152
7.1.6 High Availability on the Linux Operating System
153
7.1.7 IBM DB2
158
7.1.8 Oracle Database
158
7.1.9 SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise Database
159
7.1.10 SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence
159
7.1.11 Standalone Enqueue Server 2
160
7.1.12 Multi-SAP System ID for SAP Central Services
161
7.2 Disaster Recovery
162
7.2.1 Recovery Time Objective and Recovery Point Object
163
7.2.2 Microsoft Azure Paired Regions
163
7.2.3 Disaster Recovery for SAP
164
7.2.4 Disaster Recovery of SAP Components
165
7.2.5 Application Disaster Recover
166
7.2.6 Shared Storage in the Secondary Region
169
7.2.7 Test and Drills
170
7.3 Reference Architecture
171
7.4 Summary
173
8 Backup Architecture and Mechanisms
175
8.1 Backup and Restore Overview
175
8.2 Backup Classifications
177
8.3 Microsoft Azure Backup and Recovery Vault
178
8.4 Virtual Machine Backup
178
8.5 Database Backup
180
8.5.1 Microsoft Azure Backup for SQL Server and SAP HANA
180
8.5.2 Virtual Machine Backup with and without Database File Systems
183
8.5.3 Disk-Based Database Backup
183
8.5.4 Storage Snapshot
184
8.6 Shared Disk Backup
185
8.7 Third-Party Tools
185
8.8 Backup and Retention Policy
186
8.9 Restore and Recovery
187
8.9.1 Virtual Machine Restore
187
8.9.2 SQL Server and SAP HANA
189
8.9.3 Testing for all Use Cases
189
8.10 Management and Reporting
190
8.11 Summary
191
9 Automation
193
9.1 Infrastructure as Code
194
9.2 Automation Use Cases
195
9.2.1 Infrastructure Deployment
195
9.2.2 Application Deployment
196
9.2.3 Infrastructure and Application Lifecycle
197
9.3 Automation Tools
197
9.3.1 Microsoft Azure Cloud Shell
197
9.3.2 Microsoft Azure Resource Manager Template
198
9.3.3 Terraform
200
9.3.4 Orchestration versus Configuration Management
201
9.3.5 SAP Landscape Management
202
9.4 DevOps Integration
203
9.5 Quickstart Templates
203
9.6 Disadvantages of Using Automation
204
9.7 Automation Recommend Practices
205
9.8 Summary
206
10 Encryption
207
10.1 Encryption at Rest
207
10.1.1 Storage Service Encryption
209
10.1.2 Microsoft Azure Disk Encryption
209
10.1.3 Database Encryption
209
10.1.4 Backup Encryption
210
10.1.5 Microsoft Azure NetApp Files
210
10.1.6 Third-Party Software
210
10.2 Encryption in Transit
211
10.3 Key Management
212
10.4 Summary
212
11 Migrating SAP to Microsoft Azure
213
11.1 Planning and Readiness
213
11.1.1 Readiness Evaluation
214
11.1.2 Archiving and Cleanup
215
11.2 Migration Paths and Methodologies
215
11.2.1 Database Migration Methodologies
217
11.2.2 Homogeneous Migration
218
11.2.3 Heterogenous Migration
220
11.2.4 Application Server and SAP Central Services Migration
224
11.2.5 Third-Party Solutions for Migration
225
11.2.6 Migration Options Trade-Offs
225
11.3 Large Databases and Migration Optimizations
226
11.3.1 Large Database Challenges
226
11.3.2 Downtime Optimization Techniques
227
11.4 SAP Landscape Migration Phases
231
11.4.1 Pilot
232
11.4.2 Nonproduction
233
11.4.3 Production Rehearsal
234
11.4.4 Production Cutover
234
11.4.5 Large Landscape Migration
235
11.5 Lessons Learned
236
11.6 Summary
238
12 Operations
239
12.1 Cloud Operating Model
239
12.2 Operational Efficiency
240
12.2.1 SAP Snoozing
240
12.2.2 Autoscaling
242
12.2.3 Operating System and SAP Patching
244
12.2.4 Rightsizing and Virtual Machine Resizing
249
12.2.5 System Clone, Copy, and Refresh
250
12.2.6 Microsoft Azure Backup
251
12.2.7 Microsoft Azure NetApp Files and Disks Snapshot
251
12.2.8 SAP Landscape Management Integration
251
12.2.9 SAP HANA on Azure (Large Instances) to Virtual Machine Migration
251
12.2.10 SAP Licensing and Hardware Key
253
12.2.11 Operational Learning
254
12.3 Monitoring
257
12.3.1 SAP Solution Manager
258
12.3.2 Microsoft Azure Monitor
259
12.3.3 Dashboards
262
12.3.4 Alerts
264
12.3.5 Microsoft Azure Monitor for SAP Solutions
265
12.4 Cost Management
268
12.4.1 Understand the Cost Structure
268
12.4.2 Plan with Focus on Cost
269
12.4.3 Optimize for Cost Regularly
269
12.4.4 Microsoft Azure Cost Management
269
12.4.5 Cost Projections
274
12.5 Summary
275
13 Case Study
277
13.1 New Implementation Planning
277
13.1.1 Milestone #1: Sizing and Total Cost of Ownership Calculation
277
13.1.2 Milestone #2: Architecture Components
278
13.1.3 Milestone #3: Infrastructure and SAP Deployment
281
13.2 Migration Planning
282
13.2.1 Shared Architecture on Microsoft Azure
283
13.2.2 Resiliency Design (High Availability/Disaster Recovery)
283
13.2.3 Migration Methodology and Sequence
284
13.2.4 Phased Go-Live and Hybrid System Maintenance
284
13.2.5 Data Center Exit and Future Optimizations
284
13.3 Summary
285
14 Outlook
287
14.1 Marching towards SAP S/4HANA
287
14.2 Integration to Cloud Native Tools
287
14.3 SAP Innovations
288
14.4 Evolution of Microsoft Azure
289
14.5 Containers for SAP?
290
14.6 Summary
291
The Author
293
Index
295