Preface

15

What This Book Covers

15

1 Introduction

17

1.1 Sales and Distribution at a Glance

18

1.2 Sales and Distribution Process

18

1.2.1 Presale Activities

19

1.2.2 Order Processing

20

1.2.3 Shipping and Transportation

20

1.2.4 Billing

21

1.2.5 Revenue Recognition and Reporting

21

1.3 SAP ERP Sales and Distribution

22

1.3.1 SAP ERP

22

1.3.2 SAP Customer Relationship Management

27

1.3.3 SAP Hybris

28

1.3.4 SAP S/4HANA

32

1.4 SAP ERP Sales and Distribution Organizational Structures

36

1.4.1 Client

36

1.4.2 Company Code

37

1.4.3 Plant

38

1.4.4 Storage Location

38

1.4.5 Warehouse

38

1.4.6 Sales Organization

39

1.4.7 Distribution Channel

40

1.4.8 Division

40

1.4.9 Sales Office

41

1.4.10 Sales Group

41

1.4.11 Sales Area

42

1.4.12 Credit Control Area

43

1.4.13 Shipping Point

43

1.4.14 Loading Point

43

1.4.15 Transportation Planning Point

43

1.5 Summary

44

2 Master Data

45

2.1 Importance of Master Data

45

2.2 Business Partners

46

2.2.1 Account Group and Number Ranges

47

2.2.2 Partner Functions

47

2.2.3 Customer Master Data Structure

49

2.2.4 Customer Hierarchies

53

2.2.5 Processing Customer Master Data

54

2.3 Products

58

2.3.1 Material

58

2.3.2 Item Proposal

64

2.3.3 Material Determination

67

2.3.4 Cross Selling

69

2.3.5 Listings and Exclusions

70

2.4 Pricing and Conditions

72

2.4.1 Condition Record

73

2.4.2 Condition Table

74

2.4.3 Access Sequence

75

2.4.4 Condition Type

76

2.4.5 Pricing Procedure

79

2.4.6 Condition Maintenance

80

2.5 Output Conditions

82

2.5.1 Sales

83

2.5.2 Shipping

84

2.5.3 Billing

85

2.5.4 Example Maintenance

86

2.6 Agreements

89

2.6.1 Customer Material Info Records

89

2.6.2 Contracts

90

2.6.3 Rebate Agreements

91

2.6.4 Promotions and Sales Deals

92

2.7 Other Useful Master Data

94

2.7.1 Routes

94

2.7.2 Packing Instructions and Packing Instruction Determination

97

2.7.3 Terms of Payment

102

2.7.4 Incoterms

103

2.8 Summary

105

3 Sales

107

3.1 Sales Document Components

107

3.1.1 Sales Document Structure

108

3.1.2 Customizing Settings of a Sales Document

109

3.1.3 Item Categories

111

3.2 Inquiry and Quotation

116

3.2.1 Inquiry

117

3.2.2 Quotation

121

3.3 Sales Order

124

3.3.1 Creating a Standard Order

128

3.3.2 Using an Item Proposal in Sales Orders

129

3.3.3 Material Determination in Sales Orders

132

3.3.4 Cross Selling in Sales

134

3.3.5 Listings and Exclusions in Sales

136

3.3.6 Special Orders

137

3.4 Scheduling Agreements

139

3.5 Contracts

142

3.6 Backorders

144

3.6.1 Backorder Processing

144

3.6.2 Rescheduling

148

3.7 SAP Credit Management

152

3.7.1 SAP Credit Management Master Data

153

3.7.2 Processing Blocked SAP ERP Sales and Distribution Documents

156

3.8 Foreign Trade

159

3.8.1 Configuration Objects

160

3.8.2 Foreign Trade Master Data

161

3.8.3 Foreign Trade in Sales Order, Delivery, and Billing

162

3.8.4 Foreign Trade Cockpits

167

3.9 Global Trade

167

3.9.1 Trading Contracts

167

3.9.2 Portfolios

172

3.9.3 Differential Billing

174

3.10 Returns

175

3.10.1 Returns Order

176

3.10.2 Returns Delivery

177

3.10.3 Billing Document

179

3.10.4 Free-of-Charge Subsequent Delivery Order

180

3.11 Special Processes in Sales

180

3.11.1 Cross-Company Sales

182

3.11.2 Third-Party Sales Order

191

3.11.3 Make-to-Order Sales Process

201

3.11.4 Customer Consignment

209

3.11.5 Sales Orders with Bills of Materials

216

3.12 Sales Output Processing

219

3.12.1 Sales Outputs

220

3.12.2 Output Determination

220

3.13 Summary

223

4 Shipping and Transportation

225

4.1 Shipping and Transportation Overview

226

4.2 Outbound Delivery

227

4.2.1 Checks on Delivery Creation

228

4.2.2 Create an Outbound Delivery

232

4.3 Picking

236

4.3.1 Wave Picks

237

4.3.2 Two-Step Picking

242

4.3.3 Planning Replenishments

248

4.4 Packing

250

4.4.1 Handling Unit Characteristics

250

4.4.2 Packing Steps

251

4.5 Shipment

253

4.5.1 Transportation Planning Point

254

4.5.2 Shipments

254

4.5.3 Shipment Example

255

4.6 Shipment Cost Document

260

4.6.1 Setting Up a Shipment Cost Document

261

4.6.2 Creating a Shipment Cost Document

262

4.7 Goods Issue

266

4.7.1 Outbound Delivery Monitor

266

4.7.2 Document Flow

267

4.8 Proof of Delivery

269

4.9 Customer Returns

271

4.9.1 Return Orders

272

4.9.2 Return Delivery

274

4.9.3 Invoice Correction

275

4.10 Shipping and Transportation Output Processing

276

4.10.1 Output Determination

277

4.10.2 Creating a Condition Record

278

4.10.3 Issuing Outputs for Shipments

280

4.11 Summary

282

5 Billing

283

5.1 Billing Types

283

5.1.1 General Data

285

5.1.2 Cancellation

286

5.1.3 Account Assigning and Pricing

286

5.1.4 Output, Partners, and Texts

287

5.2 Billing Relevance

287

5.2.1 Order-Related Invoice

287

5.2.2 Delivery-Related Invoice

289

5.2.3 Order- and Delivery-Related Invoice

289

5.3 Billing Processing

290

5.3.1 Billing Document Creation

292

5.3.2 Reviewing Messages

296

5.4 Invoice List

296

5.4.1 Generating an Invoice List

297

5.4.2 Creating an Invoice List with Grouping Billing Documents

298

5.5 Rebates Processing

301

5.5.1 Standard Rebate Processing

302

5.5.2 Retroactive Rebate Agreements

306

5.6 Other Billing Processes

307

5.6.1 Canceling Billing Documents

307

5.6.2 Credit and Debit Memos

310

5.6.3 Invoice Corrections

311

5.6.4 Billing Plans

313

5.6.5 Down Payment Processing

316

5.7 Integration with SAP ERP Financial Accounting

320

5.7.1 Account Determination

323

5.7.2 SAP ERP SD/SAP ERP FI Interface

324

5.8 SAP Convergent Invoicing

327

5.9 Billing Output Processing

329

5.9.1 Individual Output Processing

332

5.9.2 Collective Output Processing

333

5.10 Summary

335

6 Reporting

337

6.1 Master Data

337

6.1.1 Display Customer Hierarchy Report

337

6.1.2 Display Condition Record Report

339

6.1.3 Pricing Report

341

6.1.4 Customer Analysis Basic List Report

343

6.1.5 Sales Organization Analysis Report

346

6.2 Sales

350

6.2.1 Sales Summary Report

350

6.2.2 List Customer Material Info Report

354

6.2.3 List of Sales Order Report

355

6.2.4 Inquiries List Report

358

6.2.5 Quotation List Report

360

6.2.6 List of Contracts Report

361

6.2.7 Orders with Time Period Report

362

6.2.8 Incomplete Sales Orders Report

364

6.2.9 Backorders Report

366

6.2.10 Blocked Orders Report

368

6.2.11 Duplicate Sales Orders Report

372

6.2.12 Customer Returns—Analysis Report

374

6.2.13 Customer Analysis—Sales Report

377

6.2.14 Credit Memo Analysis for Customers Report

380

6.2.15 Sales Org Analysis for Invoiced Sales Report

382

6.2.16 Material Analysis—Incoming Orders Report

384

6.3 SAP Credit Management

386

6.3.1 Credit Management Process

387

6.3.2 Credit Control Area

387

6.3.3 Assigning Credit Limits

387

6.3.4 Risk Category

388

6.3.5 Accessing Information in SAP Credit Management

391

6.3.6 Credit Overview Report

391

6.3.7 Early Warning List

392

6.3.8 Credit Master Sheet

393

6.4 Logistics

393

6.4.1 Delivery Due List Report

393

6.4.2 Outbound Delivery Monitor Report

396

6.4.3 Display Delivery Changes Report

404

6.5 Billing

405

6.6 Sales Information System and Logistics Information System Overview

407

6.7 Summary

408

7 Financial Supply Chain Management for SAP ERP Sales and Distribution

409

7.1 Financial Supply Chain Management Overview and Components

410

7.2 SAP Biller Direct

412

7.2.1 Open Bills

414

7.2.2 Payment Processing

418

7.2.3 Integration with SAP Dispute Management

423

7.2.4 SAP Biller Direct Master Data and Customer Profile

425

7.2.5 SAP Biller Direct in SAP ERP

428

7.3 Credit Management

429

7.3.1 Master Data

430

7.3.2 Steps to Create a Business Partner

432

7.3.3 Mass Data Changes

439

7.3.4 Credit Lists

441

7.3.5 SAP S/4HANA and FSCM Credit Management

444

7.4 SAP Dispute Management

447

7.4.1 Dispute Cases and Process

450

7.4.2 Integration with SAP Customer Relationship Management

454

7.4.3 Integration with SAP Collections Management

454

7.4.4 Integration with SAP Biller Direct

454

7.5 Summary

458

Appendices

459

A SAP Navigation

461

A.1 Overview

461

A.2 SAP Easy Access Settings

463

A.3 SAP GUI

464

A.4 Finding Transaction Code Names

470

A.5 Creating Favorites

471

A.6 Managing Favorites

472

A.7 Transaction Access

473

A.8 SAP Field Enhanced Search

474

A.9 Multiple SAP Sessions

475

B Output Processing in Sales and Distribution

477

B.1 Output Settings in Condition Records

477

B.2 Output Settings in Delivery Orders

486

C Intermediate Documents

491

C.1 Definition

491

C.2 IDoc Basic Concepts

492

C.3 Commonly Used SAP ERP Sales and Distribution IDocs

498

D The Authors

503