Inhaltsverzeichnis

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1 Management at a Glance
15
1.1 Materials Management Overview
16
1.1.1 Material Requirements Planning
17
1.1.2 Purchasing
17
1.1.3 Inventory Valuation and Control
18
1.1.4 Master Data
18
1.2 Materials Management with SAP
19
1.2.1 Inside SAP ERP
19
1.2.2 Outside SAP ERP
22
1.3 Materials Management Organizational Structures
31
1.3.1 Client
32
1.3.2 Company Code
32
1.3.3 Plant
32
1.3.4 Purchasing Organization
33
1.3.5 Purchasing Groups
37
1.4 Summary
37
2 Master Data
39
2.1 Importance of Master Data in Procurement
39
2.2 Material Master
40
2.2.1 Basic Data View
43
2.2.2 Purchasing View
44
2.3 Service Master
49
2.3.1 Service Master Sections
51
2.3.2 Creating a New Service
54
2.4 Business Partners
55
2.4.1 Number Ranges, Account Group, and Field Status
56
2.4.2 Vendor Master Data Structure
58
2.4.3 Maintaining Vendor Master Data
67
2.5 Vendor Hierarchies
69
2.6 Source Lists
71
2.7 Quota Arrangement
74
2.8 Purchasing Info Records
79
2.8.1 General Data
80
2.8.2 Purchasing Organization Data 1
81
2.8.3 Purchasing Organization Data 2
84
2.8.4 Transactions
85
2.9 Pricing
85
2.9.1 Using Conditions in Purchasing Documents
87
2.9.2 Condition Records
89
2.10 Taxes
91
2.10.1 Adding Tax Relevance
92
2.10.2 Adding the Tax Code
94
2.10.3 Creating Condition Records
96
2.11 Other Master Data
99
2.11.1 Routes
99
2.11.2 Batches
100
2.12 Summary
101
3 Planning and Forecasting
103
3.1 Material Requirements Planning Procedures
104
3.1.1 Material Requirements Planning
105
3.1.2 Consumption-Based Planning
107
3.2 Master Data in Planning
111
3.2.1 MRP Type
111
3.2.2 MRP Areas
114
3.2.3 MRP Groups
119
3.2.4 Planning Calendar
120
3.3 Forecasting
122
3.3.1 Forecast Models
124
3.3.2 Forecast Control Data
126
3.3.3 Material Forecast Profile
128
3.3.4 Executing a Forecast
130
3.4 Sales and Operations Planning and Flexible Planning
135
3.4.1 Defining an Infostructure
137
3.4.2 Maintaining a Planning Hierarchy
138
3.4.3 Product Group
138
3.4.4 Setting Up a Forecast Profile
140
3.4.5 SOP Process Steps
142
3.5 Planning Execution
143
3.5.1 Total Planning
144
3.5.2 Single-Item Planning
145
3.6 Evaluation and Analysis
147
3.6.1 MRP List
148
3.6.2 Stock/Requirements List
149
3.7 Summary
150
4 Purchasing from Third Parties
151
4.1 Requests for Quotation (RFQs)
152
4.1.1 Creating an RFQ
153
4.1.2 Processing the Quotation
156
4.2 Outline Agreements
159
4.2.1 Contracts
160
4.2.2 Scheduling Agreements
168
4.3 Purchase Requisitions
178
4.3.1 Creating a Purchase Requisition Manually
180
4.3.2 Assigning Source of Supply
181
4.4 Purchase Orders
182
4.4.1 Creating Purchase Orders Automatically
185
4.4.2 Converting Purchase Requisitions to POs
186
4.4.3 Creating a Purchase Order Manually
187
4.4.4 Printing or Emailing a Purchase Order
189
4.5 Subcontracting
193
4.5.1 Master Data
193
4.5.2 Subcontracting Process Flow Overview
200
4.6 Third-Party Orders
209
4.6.1 Configuration Prerequisites
209
4.6.2 Third-Party Process Flow Overview
209
4.6.3 Master Data
212
4.7 Release Strategies
212
4.7.1 Release Strategy without Classification
213
4.7.2 Release Strategy with Classification
215
4.8 Return Materials to Vendor
221
4.8.1 Returns in Inventory Management
222
4.8.2 Returns to Vendor in Purchasing
223
4.9 Vendor Evaluation
226
4.9.1 Performance Criteria
226
4.9.2 Scoring
230
4.9.3 Understanding How the Evaluation Is Calculated
232
4.9.4 Performing Vendor Evaluation
234
4.9.5 Comparing Performance
235
4.10 Reporting
237
4.10.1 List Displays
238
4.10.2 Analyses
248
4.11 Summary
251
5 Intracompany and Cross-Company Procurement
253
5.1 Classic Stock Transport Order Process
253
5.1.1 Configuration Prerequisites
255
5.1.2 Master Data
259
5.1.3 Two-Step Stock Transport Order without Outbound Delivery
262
5.1.4 One-Step Stock Transport Order with Outbound Delivery
268
5.1.5 Two-Step Stock Transport Order with Outbound Delivery
275
5.2 Classic Cross-Company Code Stock Transport Order
281
5.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites
281
5.2.2 Master Data
285
5.2.3 Cross-Company Code Purchase Order Process Flow Overview
287
5.3 Stock Transport Orders with Stock In-Transit
294
5.3.1 Configuration Prerequisites
296
5.3.2 Master Data
306
5.3.3 Intracompany Code STO Using SiT
310
5.3.4 Cross-Company Code STO Using SiT
316
5.3.5 Returns Scenarios Using SiT
324
5.3.6 Using SiT in External Procurement
325
5.4 Summary
325
6 Kanban
327
6.1 Kanban Procedures and Categories
327
6.1.1 Classic Kanban
329
6.1.2 One-Card Kanban
330
6.1.3 Kanban with Quantity Signals
330
6.1.4 Event-Driven Kanban
330
6.2 Master Data
330
6.2.1 Production Supply Area
331
6.2.2 Control Cycle
332
6.2.3 Kanbans Section
333
6.2.4 Replenishment Strategy Tab
333
6.2.5 Flow Control Tab
334
6.2.6 Kanban Calculation Tab
335
6.2.7 Print Control Tab
335
6.3 The Kanban Board and Signals
336
6.4 Summary
337
7 Order Optimizing
339
7.1 Investment Buying
341
7.2 Quantity Optimizing
343
7.3 Load Building
347
7.4 Summary
358
8 Procurement of Services
359
8.1 Processing Requirements
360
8.1.1 Creating a Purchase Requisition
361
8.1.2 Creating an RFQ
364
8.1.3 Creating a Reference Document from a Purchase Requisition
370
8.2 Service Entry and Acceptance
371
8.2.1 Entering a New Service Entry Sheet
372
8.2.2 Accepting a Service
374
8.3 Using Outline Agreements for Services
377
8.3.1 Creating Contracts for Services
377
8.3.2 Releasing Contracts for Services
380
8.4 Summary
380
9 Inbound Logistics
383
9.1 Confirmation Controls
384
9.1.1 Master Data
385
9.1.2 Purchasing Info Record
387
9.2 Order Acknowledgements
388
9.2.1 Automatic and Manual Confirmation
389
9.2.2 Monitoring Confirmations
390
9.3 Rough Goods Receipts
392
9.3.1 Creating a PO
393
9.3.2 Creating a Rough Goods Receipt Document
393
9.4 Inbound Delivery: Shipping Notification
395
9.4.1 Collective Processing of Purchase Orders
399
9.4.2 Individual Processing of Purchase Orders
400
9.4.3 Monitoring
403
9.4.4 Processing Inbound Deliveries with HU Management
410
9.5 Inbound Shipments
419
9.5.1 Grouping Shipments
421
9.5.2 Individual Shipment Processing
422
9.5.3 Collective Shipment Processing
427
9.5.4 Create Shipment Using Extended Inbound Delivery Processing
430
9.6 Shipment Cost Document
432
9.6.1 Creating an Automatic PO and Service Entry Sheet
434
9.7 Summary
438
10 Inventory Management
439
10.1 Overview
440
10.2 Receiving
442
10.2.1 Automatic Postings Role
444
10.2.2 Posting Goods Receipt with Transaction MIGO
445
10.2.3 Accounting Documents as a Result of Inventory Change
450
10.3 Managing Special Stocks
451
10.3.1 Consignment
452
10.3.2 Subcontracting
453
10.3.3 Customer Order Stock
453
10.3.4 Stock in Transit
454
10.4 Transfer Postings
456
10.5 Summary
459
11 Logistics Invoice Verification
461
11.1 Invoice Processing
462
11.1.1 Create an Invoice: Manual Entry
463
11.1.2 Create Invoice: Automatically
466
11.1.3 Blocking and Releasing Invoices
470
11.1.4 Parking Invoices
473
11.2 Automatic Settlement
477
11.2.1 Evaluated Receipt Settlement
477
11.2.2 EDI Processing
481
11.3 Processing Subsequent Debits and Credits
483
11.4 Cancelling an Invoice Document
485
11.5 Summary
486
Appendices
489
A Procurement Tables
491
A.1 Material Master
491
A.2 Vendor Master
492
A.3 Purchasing Sourcing Information
493
A.4 Planning and Forecasting
493
A.5 Investment Buy and Load Building
494
A.6 Purchasing Documents
494
A.7 Shipping
495
A.8 Transportation
497
A.9 External Services
498
A.10 Inventory Management
498
A.11 Invoice Verification
499
B Working with Procurement Documents: Quick Reference Guide
501
B.1 Create an Info Record
501
B.2 Create Source List
503
B.3 Convert Purchase Requisition into Purchase Order
504
B.4 Create Purchase Order (Stock Material)
505
B.5 Create Purchase Order (Subcontracting)
507
B.6 Create Purchase Order (Consignment)
508
B.7 Create Purchase Order (Expensed Items)
509
C Additional Resources
513
D The Authors
515
Index
517