Inhaltsverzeichnis

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Introduction
17
Part I: Basic Principles
19
Part II: Data Migration in SAP Solutions
19
Part III: Alternative Methods
20
PART I Basic Principles
23
1 Basic Principles of Data Migration
25
1.1 Implementation Approaches
25
1.1.1 Big Bang/Initial Load
26
1.1.2 Moving Into an Existing System
26
1.1.3 Phased Rollout
27
1.1.4 System Optimization
29
1.2 Migration Strategies and Migration Scenarios
29
1.2.1 Greenfield Migrations/New Implementations
29
1.2.2 Brownfield Migrations/System Conversions
31
1.2.3 Selective Data Transitions
32
1.2.4 Comparison of the Strategies
34
1.3 A Digression on Historical Data
34
1.4 Summary
38
2 Planning Data Migration Projects
39
2.1 Phases of a Data Migration Project
39
2.1.1 Data Analysis
41
2.1.2 Data Cleansing
41
2.1.3 Mapping
42
2.1.4 Implementation
42
2.1.5 Testing the Data Migration
42
2.1.6 Validation
43
2.1.7 Productive Load
44
2.2 Work Packages in Data Migration Packages
46
2.2.1 Work Packages Related to Data Analysis
47
2.2.2 Selecting Tools
53
2.2.3 Data Cleansing
54
2.2.4 Mapping
56
2.2.5 Implementation
60
2.2.6 Testing
63
2.2.7 Productive Load
67
2.2.8 Validation
70
2.3 Planning and Effort Estimation
72
2.3.1 Determining Data Migration Objects
73
2.3.2 Effort Estimation
74
2.4 Summary
80
PART II Data Migration in SAP Solutions
81
3 Data Migration to SAP S/4HANA
83
3.1 Overview of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Cockpit
83
3.1.1 Overview of the Migration Approaches of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Cockpit
84
3.1.2 Available Migration Objects
86
3.2 Migrating Data Using Staging Tables
88
3.2.1 Technical Realization
88
3.2.2 Assigning Roles for the Migration
90
3.2.3 Initial Screen of the Migration Cockpit
90
3.2.4 Data Migration Process
91
3.2.5 Creating a Migration Project
91
3.2.6 Editing a Migration Project
96
3.2.7 Calling the Migration Project
97
3.2.8 Monitoring the Activities
101
3.2.9 Downloading Migration Templates
102
3.2.10 Filling Migration Templates or Staging Tables Directly
106
3.2.11 Loading a File to Staging Tables
108
3.2.12 Using Migration Object Instances
115
3.2.13 Prepare
118
3.2.14 Maintenance of Mapping Values
119
3.2.15 Job Management
124
3.2.16 Simulating the Migration
125
3.2.17 Migrating Data
128
3.2.18 Migration Results
129
3.2.19 Creating a Correction File
131
3.2.20 Mass Processing via Free Selection on Instances
132
3.2.21 Messages
135
3.3 Migrate Data Directly from SAP System (Direct Transfer)
138
3.3.1 Differentiation and Areas of Use
138
3.3.2 Technical Requirements and System Preparations
139
3.3.3 Migration Objects for SAP ERP Systems and Other SAP Source Systems
141
3.3.4 Assigning Roles for the Migration
142
3.3.5 Running a Project with Direct Data Transfer
143
3.4 SAP S/4HANA Migration Object Modeler
160
3.4.1 General Structure of the SAP S/4HANA Migration Object Modeler
162
3.4.2 Selecting an Existing Migration Object
164
3.4.3 Advanced Search (All Objects)
164
3.4.4 The Migration APIs Used
165
3.5 Modeling for Data Migration with Staging Tables
165
3.5.1 Displaying a Migration Object
166
3.5.2 Transfer Rules
168
3.5.3 Generating and Displaying the Runtime Object
169
3.5.4 Updating the Migration Object
170
3.5.5 Creating a Migration Object
170
3.5.6 Extending Existing Migration Objects
172
3.5.7 Creating Custom Rules and Translation Objects
172
3.5.8 Simulating or Debugging Migration Objects
172
3.5.9 Transferring Migration Projects from One System to Another
174
3.6 Modeling for Data Migration Using Staging Tables in SAP S/4HANA Cloud Public Edition
175
3.7 Modeling for Directly Transferring Data from SAP Systems
176
3.7.1 Basic Knowledge for Modeling
176
3.7.2 Creating a Migration Object (Copy)
178
3.7.3 Synchronizing Structures
179
3.7.4 Creating Custom Rules
179
3.7.5 Migrating Table Field Extensions (Z Fields)
179
3.7.6 Simulating and Debugging Migration Objects
180
3.7.7 Transporting Projects
181
3.8 Additional Useful Sources of Information
181
3.8.1 Landing Pages of Data Migration
182
3.8.2 SAP Communities
182
3.8.3 Performance Aspects
182
3.8.4 Aligning the Time of Migration with Maintenance Periods
183
3.9 Summary
183
4 Data Migration to SAP SuccessFactors
185
4.1 Basic Preliminary Considerations for Employee Central Data Migration
186
4.1.1 Local Systems versus Global System
186
4.1.2 Project Rollout Approach: Phased Rollout versus Big Bang Approach
187
4.1.3 Data Migration Follows the Data Model
189
4.1.4 Data History: Reasonable Scope
190
4.1.5 Tension between Data Migration and Provision of Data in Integration
191
4.2 Basic Principles of SAP SuccessFactors Employee Central
192
4.2.1 Employee Central Structures/Objects
192
4.2.2 Import Options in SAP SuccessFactors
195
4.3 Infoporter for SAP ERP HCM Data
197
4.3.1 Comparison of Infoporter and Standard CSV Import Templates
197
4.3.2 Infoporter Integration: Architecture Components
198
4.3.3 Infoporter: Comparison of CSV and Web Service Options
199
4.3.4 Steps Involved in Data Migration Using Infoporter
202
4.4 Migrating SAP Cost Centers to Employee Central
202
4.5 Importing Data into SAP SuccessFactors
204
4.5.1 Procedure for Importing Employee Central Data
205
4.5.2 Provisioning Import Templates
205
4.5.3 Different Import Procedures
209
4.6 Tips and Tricks
219
4.6.1 Relevant Environments in the Project Process
219
4.6.2 Identifiers in Data Migration
222
4.6.3 Key Date for the Cutover Date
224
4.6.4 Cutover Method
225
4.7 Summary
227
5 Data Migration to SAP Ariba
229
5.1 Challenges and Areas of Complexity
229
5.2 Migrating Master Data
231
5.2.1 Master Data Migration from SAP S/4HANA Cloud
233
5.2.2 Migrating Data from SAP S/4HANA and SAP ERP 6.0
235
5.2.3 Master Data Migration From Non-SAP Systems
240
5.3 Migrating Supplier Data
240
5.3.1 Migrating Supplier Data From SAP S/4HANA Cloud via the SAP Master Data Integration Service
241
5.3.2 Migrating Supplier Data from SAP S/4HANA and SAP Master Data Governance, Supplier
242
5.3.3 Supplier Management and Upload to SAP Business Network
244
5.4 Migrating Transaction Data
245
5.5 Migrating User Data
246
5.5.1 Upload CSV File via the SAP Ariba User Interface
246
5.5.2 Upload Using SAP Integration Suite, Managed Gateway for Spend Management, and SAP Business Network
246
5.5.3 Upload and User Management with SAP BTP and SAP Cloud Identity Services for Identity Provisioning
247
5.6 Summary
247
6 Data Migration in SAP Business ByDesign
249
6.1 Migration Templates
250
6.1.1 Structure and Elements of Migration Templates
250
6.1.2 User Tips
252
6.1.3 Field Formats
254
6.1.4 Export Data from the Source System
257
6.1.5 Filling Data into Migration Templates
258
6.1.6 Alternative Options to Populate Migration Templates
258
6.1.7 Data Cleansing
260
6.2 Migration Tool
261
6.2.1 Navigation in SAP Business ByDesign
261
6.2.2 Migration Tasks in the Implementation Project
263
6.2.3 Prepare for Data Migration
264
6.2.4 Migration Objects
266
6.2.5 Migration Cockpit
268
6.2.6 Upload CSV Files
273
6.2.7 Migration Cockpit: More Features
276
6.2.8 Integrated Data Editor
278
6.3 Migration Process Steps
283
6.3.1 Validate File
283
6.3.2 Convert Values (Value Mapping)
289
6.3.3 Simulate Import
296
6.3.4 Import Data
304
6.4 Migration of Transactional Accounting Data
308
6.4.1 Preparation in SAP Business ByDesign
308
6.4.2 Preparation in the Source System
311
6.4.3 Migration Unit
313
6.4.4 Migration Templates in Accounting
317
6.4.5 Accounting Migration: Main Steps
319
6.4.6 Simulation of Single Files
321
6.4.7 Posting Preview
322
6.4.8 Cross-Check of Balances
323
6.4.9 Acceptance of Imported Data
327
6.4.10 Postprocessing
327
6.5 Change Migration
328
6.5.1 Add New Records
329
6.5.2 Enhance Existing Records
331
6.5.3 Repeat Migration for Objects with Mass Deletion
334
6.5.4 Mass Data Maintenance
335
6.6 Migration as a Subproject
339
6.6.1 Project Management
340
6.6.2 Migration Tasks in Implementation Projects
341
6.6.3 Test Strategy
343
6.7 Tips and Tricks
345
6.7.1 Volume Performance by Parallelization
345
6.7.2 Reconciliation of Migration Results
347
6.8 Summary
349
PART III Alternative Methods
351
7 Batch Input
353
7.1 What Is Batch Input?
353
7.2 How Does Batch Input Work?
354
7.2.1 What Is a Batch Input Session?
354
7.2.2 How Do You Process a Batch Input Session?
357
7.2.3 How Can You Create a Batch Input Session?
360
7.2.4 Batch Input Recording: General Procedure
361
7.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Batch Input Process
361
7.4 Summary
364
8 IDoc and ALE Distribution
365
8.1 Introduction to IDocs
365
8.1.1 Why IDocs as an Interface?
365
8.1.2 Using IDocs
366
8.1.3 IDoc Customizing in the SAP System
369
8.1.4 IDoc Performance Optimization
372
8.2 Master Data Distribution
375
8.2.1 Setting Up an ALE Connection in the Sender
375
8.2.2 Setting Up the Distribution Model in the Sender
375
8.2.3 Setting Up an ALE Connection in the Recipient
376
8.2.4 Distributing Characteristics
376
8.2.5 Distributing Classes
377
8.2.6 Monitoring the Distribution
378
8.2.7 Replicating Product Data
378
8.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Method
379
8.4 Summary
380
9 SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench
381
9.1 Overview of SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench
381
9.2 Migrating Data Using SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench
384
9.2.1 Getting Started with SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench
385
9.2.2 User Guidance: Primary Steps in Data Migration
389
9.2.3 Defining Object Attributes
390
9.2.4 Defining Source Structures
393
9.2.5 Defining Source Fields
394
9.2.6 Defining Structure Relations
399
9.2.7 Defining Field Mapping and Conversion Rules
401
9.2.8 Defining Fixed Values, Translations, and User-Defined Routines
413
9.2.9 Digression: Files
419
9.2.10 Specifying Files
421
9.2.11 Using Wildcards in File Names
427
9.2.12 Assigning Files
428
9.2.13 Importing Data
428
9.2.14 Displaying Imported Data
430
9.2.15 Converting Data
431
9.2.16 Displaying Converted Data
433
9.2.17 Importing Data
435
9.2.18 Object Overview
437
9.3 Recordings
439
9.3.1 Creating and Postprocessing a Recording
441
9.3.2 Using Recordings
446
9.4 Transporting Projects
448
9.4.1 Creating a Change Request
448
9.4.2 Exporting a Project
449
9.4.3 Importing a Project
450
9.5 Preparatory Measures for Using Inbound IDoc Processing
451
9.6 SAP Legacy System Migration Workbench Conversion Program
454
9.6.1 Displaying Additional Menus
454
9.6.2 Customizing the Display Variant
455
9.6.3 Structure of the Conversion Program
455
9.7 Functions for Advanced Users
458
9.7.1 Display Variant and Processing Times
458
9.7.2 Global Variables
460
9.7.3 Global Functions
461
9.7.4 Naming for Reusable Rules
462
9.8 Application Examples for Advanced Users
463
9.8.1 Determining the Transaction Code at Runtime
463
9.8.2 Skipping a Record
463
9.8.3 Skipping All Data Records of a Transaction
464
9.8.4 Duplicating a Record
464
9.8.5 Assigning Multiple Source Structures to a Target Structure
466
9.8.6 Custom Selection Parameters in the Conversion Program
466
9.8.7 Initializing IDoc Structures with Nodata Flags
469
9.8.8 Assigning Multiple Source Structures to a Target Structure with Substructures
471
9.9 Long Texts
477
9.9.1 Long Texts in the SAP System
477
9.9.2 Target Structures and Field Assignment
478
9.9.3 Importing Long Texts
481
9.10 Summary
482
10 Preparing Data Migration Using Cloud Integration
483
10.1 Cloud Integration in the Context of Data Migration
484
10.2 Choosing the File-to-File Approach
484
10.3 Preparation
484
10.3.1 Configuring a Secure Connection to the SFTP Server
485
10.3.2 Message Splitting or Data Merge
490
10.4 Implementing the Interface
491
10.4.1 Building the Basic Structure
492
10.4.2 Implementing Message Mapping
501
10.4.3 Implementing a Data Merge
505
10.4.4 Implementing Message Splitting
509
10.5 Options for Action for Key Users
511
10.5.1 Distribution of Roles
511
10.5.2 Using Monitoring
512
10.5.3 Configuring Parameters
513
10.6 Summary
514
11 Methods to Avoid Programming
517
11.1 Critical Point: Data Conversion
517
11.2 Methods in the Context of Data Conversion
518
11.2.1 Modifying Structures
518
11.2.2 Modifying Field Contents
522
11.2.3 Access Data of the SAP System
525
11.3 Summary
529
12 Related Areas
531
12.1 Database Migration
531
12.1.1 Basic Principles
531
12.1.2 Sample Database Migration
532
12.2 System Conversion
535
12.2.1 Technical Conditions
535
12.2.2 Phases of the System Conversion
536
12.3 Summary
538
Appendices
539
A Glossary of Terms
539
B The Authors
553
Index
557